Britain’s water system, a relic from decisions made in 1856, has long since struggled with sewage overflows, leading to a wealth of environmental and health concerns. The root of the issue lies in the widespread use of combined sewage systems, where rainwater and sewage intermingle, causing spills during heavy rainfall. The current infrastructure, designed by Sir Joseph Bazalgette in response to the 19th century “Great Stink”, has become outdated and unable to handle the challenges of modern urbanisation.
The inherent flaw in combined systems is their vulnerability to overflow events, which were originally intended to be infrequent. However, climate …










